Appeal to Novelty
argumentum
ad novitatem
(also known as: appeal to the new, ad novitam [sometimes spelled
as])
Description: Claiming that something that is new or modern is superior to the
status quo, based exclusively on its newness.
Logical Form:
X has been around for years
now.
Y is new.
Therefore, Y is better than
X.
Example #1:
Two words: New Coke.
Explanation: Those who lived through the Coca-Cola identity crises of the mid
eighties know what a mess it was for the company. In fact, the “New Coke
Disaster”, as it is commonly referred to, is literally a textbook example of
attempting to fix what isn’t broken. Coke’s main marketing ploy was
appealing to the novelty, and it failed miserably -- even though more people
(55%) actually preferred the taste of the New Coke, the old was “better”.
Example #2:
Bill: Hey, did you hear we
have a new operating system out now? It is better than anything else out
there because we just released it!
Steve: What’s it called?
Bill: Windows Vista!
Steve: Sounds
wonderful! I can’t wait until all of your users install it on all their
computers!
Explanation: For anyone who went through the experience of Vista, this fallacy
should hit very close to home. You were most likely assuming that you
were getting a superior product to your old operating system -- you were
thinking “upgrade” when, in fact, those who stuck with the status quo (Windows
XP) were much better off.
Exception: There are obvious exceptions, like in claiming that your fresh milk
is better than your month old milk that is now growing legs in your refrigerator.
Tip: Diets and exercise programs/gadgets are notorious for preying on our
desire for novelty. Don’t be swayed by the “latest research” or latest
fads. Just remember this: burn more calories than you take in, and you will lose weight.
Fallacy: Appeal to Novelty
Description of Appeal to Novelty
Appeal to Novelty is a fallacy that occurs when it is assumed that
something is better or correct simply because it is new. This sort of
"reasoning" has the following form:
1.
X is new.
2.
Therefore X is correct or better.
This sort of "reasoning" is fallacious because the novelty
or newness of something does not automatically make it correct or better than
something older. This is made quite obvious by the following example: Joe has
proposed that 1+1 should now be equal to 3. When asked why people should accept
this, he says that he just came up with the idea. Since it is newer than the
idea that 1+1=2, it must be better.
This sort of "reasoning" is appealing for many reasons.
First, "western culture" includes a very powerful committment to the
notion that new things must be better than old things. Second, the notion of
progress (which seems to have come, in part, from the notion of evolution)
implies that newer things will be superior to older things. Third, media
advertising often sends the message that newer must be better. Because of these
three factors (and others) people often accept that a new thing (idea, product,
concept, etc.) must be better because it is new. Hence, Novelty is a somewhat
common fallacy, escpecially in advertising.
It should not be assumed that old things must be better than new
things (see the fallacy Appeal to Tradition) anymore than it should be assumed
that new things are better than old things. The age of thing does not, in
general, have any bearing on its quality or correctness (in this context).
Obviously, age does have a bearing in some contexts. For example, if
a person concluded that his day old milk was better than his two-month old
milk, he would not be committing an Appeal to Novelty. This is because, in such
cases the newness of the thing is relevant to its quality. Thus, the fallacy is
committed only when the newness is not, in and of itself, relevant to the
claim.
Examples of Appeal to Novelty
1.
A made up advertisement.
The Sadisike 900 pump-up glow shoe.
It's better because it's new.
2.
Two business people are having a discussion.
James: "So, what is this new
plan?"
Biff: "Well, the latest thing in marketing techniques is the GK method. It is the latest thing out of the think tank. It is so new that the ink on the reports is still drying."
James: "Well, our old marketing method has been quite effective. I don't like the idea of jumping to a new method without a good reason."
Biff: "Well, we know that we have to stay on the cutting edge. That means new ideas and new techniques have to be used. The GK method is new, so it will do better than that old, dusty method."
Biff: "Well, the latest thing in marketing techniques is the GK method. It is the latest thing out of the think tank. It is so new that the ink on the reports is still drying."
James: "Well, our old marketing method has been quite effective. I don't like the idea of jumping to a new method without a good reason."
Biff: "Well, we know that we have to stay on the cutting edge. That means new ideas and new techniques have to be used. The GK method is new, so it will do better than that old, dusty method."
3.
A professor is lecturing to his class.
Prof: "So you can see that a
new and better morality is sweeping the nation. No longer are people with
alternative lifestyles ashamed. No longer are people caught up in the outmoded
moralities of the past."
Student: "Well, what about the ideas of the the great thinkers of the past? Don't they have some valid points?"
Prof: "A good question. The answer is that they had some valid points in their own, barbaric times. But those are old, mouldy moralities from a time long gone. Now is a time for new moralities. Progress and all that, you know."
Student: "So would you say that the new moralities are better because they are newer?"
Prof: "Exactly. Just as the dinosaurs died off to make way for new animals, the old ideas have to give way for the new ones. And just as humans are better than dinosaurs, the new ideas are better than the old. So newer is literally better."
Student: "I see."
Student: "Well, what about the ideas of the the great thinkers of the past? Don't they have some valid points?"
Prof: "A good question. The answer is that they had some valid points in their own, barbaric times. But those are old, mouldy moralities from a time long gone. Now is a time for new moralities. Progress and all that, you know."
Student: "So would you say that the new moralities are better because they are newer?"
Prof: "Exactly. Just as the dinosaurs died off to make way for new animals, the old ideas have to give way for the new ones. And just as humans are better than dinosaurs, the new ideas are better than the old. So newer is literally better."
Student: "I see."
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