Research Assignment #20: How to develop a narrative from assumptions. For the Departments of English & Media Studies
Conceived and worded by Prof DR. Sohail Ansari
(originality of concepts and originality of words).
An author in assignment 19 makes many
assumptions.
More
characteristically, the assumptions devoted to providing illuminating sketches
of a king and elite politics.
Assumptions are not disparate; but thematic
grouping for structuring a brief essay can provide the sense of cohesiveness
and integration.
Assumption-based essay, however, can never be esteemed as vouchsafing
evidence of justification.
The
essay below ties together the assumptions’ threads:
A
king rules with iron fists and unflinching authority. He presides over a totalitarian regime and
oversees mass repressions. People seek to ingratiate themselves with him through
a complete
subservience.
………………………………
Hench men
hegemonize, suppress and subjugate people to a king and system that oppresses, wears and grinds people down.
……………………
Commoners simply merged into a
chaotic social cauldron of repressed ire, bile and angst in
which anonymity cloaked, to the point of invisibility, those who live a
transient existence’……
…………….
Ruling class has no as Izaak Walton
says sinews of virtue. Royals have
institutionalized siphoning off and legitimatize funneling all its resources
into personal accounts, thus have pauperized the country…………..
………………………..
People are suffocated and
robbed because royals and henchmen are the obtrusive reminders with and without appearing obtrusive; imbibing
and relishing not only the every savour of life but also every opportunity to
flex muscles to muscle in and trample. ……..
………………………..
Commoners are scarred because of being caricatured abrasively……………….
…………………….
Commoners are the
most vulnerable. There is a continuous clampdown on political dissent and cultural
freedom. People, therefore,
are hamstrung, lives of theirs are cramped and their social networks are
curtailed and the ability of theirs to participate in the civil and
political life of the society and state without discrimination or repression is
curbed……
………………
People
forbear to voice concerns as they know they cannot reason with a tiger when
their head is in its mouth. Animus, therefore, festering to reach flash-point. …………………….
……………………………….
Legitimate
complaints are smothered under a blanket of timorousness, but there is deep
resentment and the indignation simmering below with increased acrimony. ……………….
………………….
The whole country is seething with
discontent, rage and
frustration and people are baying for royal blood……….
……………..
A great affliction is ' the apathy that derives from the lack of
commitment to the public realm. People feel slighted and snubbed because they regard
the indifference to the concerns of theirs as an affront to their dignity……..
…………..
The government
appears impersonal; standing aloof like the detached observers and that its
inability to relate to commoners appears, reading between the lines, to have
rankled………………
……………….
General feelings and concerns are
unacknowledged and trivialized. People are no more than anonymous crowds……….
…………………………….
…………………….
Helen Keller appears wrong because the world appears to be moved
along, only by the mighty shoves of its ‘heroes’, not by the aggregate of
tiny pushes of each honest worker: ‘Heroes’ are always on an ‘epic quest’ creating because they owe it to their descendants a
‘compelling saga’ which latter have to be through ……………….
………………………….
Commoners are bleached from the social,
political and cultural tapestry; and
are on the fringe and periphery of the social and political scene……………….
………………………
The contributions of commoners are bleached
of their personalities so they cannot be given credit for and cannot be the
credit to a country……………………..
………………………………
Even there is the acknowledgment so it is
short lived. The stories those celebrate the enterprises, the
self-determination, and the initiatives of commoners have the transient effects
as they are regarded or destined to become a mere footnote and ultimately being
tossed in the dustbin of history and consigned to oblivion because laurels
are the Royal Prerogative…..
…………………………………………..
Anonymity
is not an option but the compulsion. Because only blue-blood celebrities can
strut on the national stage and grace pages, hogging limelight and monopolizing the public
discourse….
…………………………
The
sanctimonious talk from morally and intellectually bankrupts sounding
dogmatic and holier-than-thou, moralizing and
pontificating in a didactic tone and smug voices with an unfounded air of superior piety and
morality……………………..
…………………………………
State -controlled media are the mouthpiece of a government and
always blow the trumpet of a government……………….
………………………
State- controlled media
are absolutely tilted toward the official interpretations of the events
unfolding in the country; not reflecting
social and political diversity nor there is the representation of divergent
political or ideological opinions and viewpoints…..
……………………..
State- controlled
media are dedicated to nurturing the lore of the idyllic milieu and
fostering the impression that public opinion in a
country is uniform and there is the universal consensus among the people of a
country about the prerogatives of a king and of people associated with him………..
Exercise:
An
author in assignment 19 presumes that soliciting a king and the members of the upper crust
would be of no use because:
·
A king, elites or royal class will generate
distorted and contorted or absolutely erroneous versions of a reality because
king and people associated with him will have no honest realization and
judgment as they have the vested interest in the status quo……………….
·
The King
and people associated with him have cannot have the honest realization and
judgment as they rake it in, and roll in luxury; therefore, so cushioned and
insulated against harsh realities common people confront that they are far
removed from the actual life………………….
Question:
·
Do you think above presumptions are conclusions because it
is what writer concludes from his assumptions of the royal family and a king?
·
Do you think that above presumptions can be drawn from the
assumptions of a writer? If so then it is the all that can be drawn or
something is missing or something cannot be drawn?
Question:
·
An author of assignment 20 claims to have written a narrative
based on the assumptions of assignment 19. Do you think it is absolutely true
or you can identify the lines parts of an essay not based on the assumptions of
the assignment 19.
Exercise:
Question:
Do you think a writer follows Syed Ameer Ali’s
‘The Spirit of Islam’? When he writes:
A
king rules with iron fists and unflinching authority. He presides over a totalitarian regime and
oversees mass repressions. People seek to ingratiate themselves with him
through a complete
subservience.
Do you think that a writer
follows Philip K. Hitti ‘History of The Arabs’ when he writes:
Commoners simply merged into a chaotic social cauldron of
repressed ire, bile and angst in which anonymity cloaked, to the point of
invisibility, those who live a transient existence’
Exercise:
Suppose an
author says:
‘My essay
should have been economical not peppered with words sprinkled liberally’
The author
seems to be chastening himself, upbraiding and admonishing himself by berating and
reprimanding his diction.
Question:
What an author
says is an example of:
A)
He condemns a lie by telling a lie.
B)
People
condemn English in English.
C)
One Pakistani says to his American friend ‘all
Pakistanis tell lies you should never believe what they say’.
Exercise:
‘Media pluralism defines the state
of having a plurality of voices, opinions and analyses on media system
(internal pluralism) or the coexistence of different and diverse types of
Medias and media support (external pluralism).
Pluralism refers to diversity in the most general sense.
However, the concept includes a number of aspects and has been interpreted from
different perspectives, and consequently is measured by using many different
qualitative and quantitative criteria. In analyzing the concept of pluralism,
two perspectives have to be mentioned in this
Internal
pluralism reflects how social and
political diversity are reflected in media content. That is, the representation
of different cultural groups in the media as well as divergent political or
ideological opinions and viewpoints regard
internal and external pluralism.
Internal
pluralism plays an important role in news and public affairs coverage, and also
for public broadcasting and media landscapes dominated by one (monopoly) or two
(duopoly) players. Governments can not only stimulate internal pluralism by
facilitating public service broadcasting, but also by means of financial
support such as grants, press funds, reduced tax rates, etc.
Whereas
internal pluralism focuses on media content, external pluralism covers the number of owners, media companies, independent
editorial boards, channels, titles or programmes.
This
type of pluralism is also known as the ‘plurality’ of suppliers. From the
perspective of the ‘free marketplace of ideas’, competition between these media
content suppliers is considered to be essential in order to ensure a free
choice of media content and the availability of a wide variety of opinions and
ideas. Policies on media concentration are most concerned with the market power
that owners or companies may gain and the subsequent possibility of exerting
influence’.
What Hu Feng calls "uniformity of public opinion"
he actually means that counter-revolutionaries are not allowed to express
counterrevolutionary views.
‘The public sphere is defined by Keane (1995)
as an extensive physical and symbolic space for the formation of public opinion
and is composed of a society's communication structure.
In a
situation where a society's communication structures are heavily tilted toward
mainstream discourses, oppositional forces and reformists often resort to
alternative media, hence creating an alternative public sphere. As Woo-Young
(2005) has argued, an alternative public sphere is a space in which counter
discourse is produced and consumed by counter publics, who had their expression
or voices suppressed by the existing social order.
Since
the alternative media are not controlled by government, they arguably
revitalize the political public sphere by giving access to oppositional and
social movements that could not easily access the formal public sphere’
An
author assumes that governments do not stimulate internal pluralism, hence
social and political diversity are not reflected in media content.
A writer wrote an essay based on his
assumption about state controlled media but he did not make one important assumption that people have no "access to a plurality of
editorial lines and analyses essential for citizens to be able to confront
ideas, to make their own informed choices and to conduct their life freely’’
therefore they will be no counter narrative; hence it does not exist so its
analysis is out of the question.
Question:
A writer should assume that there is no
alternative media? He should assume or
he should give ….. Complete the sentence
Exercise:
The whole essay is punctuated with dots.
These dots may and may not be indicative of something missing. Remove dots if
you feel it is necessary by the transitional words or lines or …. But read the
material below to improve the cohesion and flow.
‘A transition
line is a line that connects two work flow
elements. Transition lines allow you to define what the next
step in a workflow will be.
Common Transitional Words and Phrases
The
following list, categorized by type of relationship, provides examples of some
common and useful transitional
words and phrases.- cause and effect: consequently,
therefore, accordingly, as a result, because, for this reason, hence, thus
- sequence: furthermore,
in addition, moreover, first, second, third, finally, again, also, and,
besides, further, in the first place, last, likewise, next, then, too
- comparison or contrast: similarly,
also, in the same way, likewise, although, at the same time, but, conversely,
even so, however, in contrast, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding,
on the contrary, otherwise, still, yet
- example: for
example, for instance, in fact, indeed, of course, specifically, that is,
to illustrate
- purpose: for this
purpose, for this reason, to this end, with this object
- time or location: nearby,
above, adjacent to, below, beyond, farther on, here, opposite to, there,
to the south, before, after, later, afterward, immediately, in the
meantime, meanwhile, now, since, soon, then, while
Usage of Transition Words in Essays
Transition words and phrases are vital devices
for essays, papers or other literary compositions. They improve the
connections and transitions between sentences and paragraphs. They thus give
the text a logical organization and structure
All English transition
words and phrases (sometimes also called 'conjunctive adverbs')
do the same work as coordinating conjunctions: they connect two words,
phrases or clauses together and thus the text is easier to read and the coherence
is improved.
Usage: transition words are used with a special rule
for punctuation: a semicolon or a period is used after the first
'sentence', and a comma is almost always used to set off the transition word
from the second 'sentence'.
Example
1:
People use 43 muscles when they frown; however, they use only 28 muscles when
they smile.
Example
2:
However, transition words can also be placed at the beginning of a new
paragraph or sentence - not only to indicate a step forward in the reasoning,
but also to relate the new material to the preceding thoughts.
Use a semicolon to connect sentences, only if the group of
words on either side of the semicolon is a complete sentence each (both must
have a subject and a verb, and could thus stand alone as a complete thought).
Further helpful readings about expressions, writing
and grammar: Compilation of Writing Tips How to write good ¦ Correct Spelling Study by an English University
Updated lists by Joanna Taraba
(printable version here)
This page only provides a list of transitional words; be certain you understand their meanings before you use them. Often, there exists a slight, but significant, difference between two apparently similar words. Also remember that while transitions describe relationships between ideas, they do not automatically create relationships between ideas for your reader. Use transitions with enough context in a sentence or paragraph to make the relationships clear.
Example of unclear transition:
The characters in Book A face a moral dilemma. In the same way, the characters in Book B face a similar problem.
Improved transition:
The characters in Book A face a moral dilemma, a contested inheritance. Although the inheritance in Book B consists of an old house and not a pile of money, the nature of the problem is quite similar.
Examples of Transitions:
Illustration
Thus, for example, for instance, namely, to illustrate, in other words, in particular, specifically, such as.
Contrast
On the contrary, contrarily, notwithstanding, but, however, nevertheless, in spite of, in contrast, yet, on one hand, on the other hand, rather, or, nor, conversely, at the same time, while this may be true.
Addition
And, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, besides, than, too, also, both-and, another, equally important, first, second, etc., again, further, last, finally, not only-but also, as well as, in the second place, next, likewise, similarly, in fact, as a result, consequently, in the same way, for example, for instance, however, thus, therefore, otherwise.
Time
After, afterward, before, then, once, next, last, at last, at length, first, second, etc., at first, formerly, rarely, usually, another, finally, soon, meanwhile, at the same time, for a minute, hour, day, etc., during the morning, day, week, etc., most important, later, ordinarily, to begin with, afterwards, generally, in order to, subsequently, previously, in the meantime, immediately, eventually, concurrently, simultaneously.
Space
At the left, at the right, in the center, on the side, along the edge, on top, below, beneath, under, around, above, over, straight ahead, at the top, at the bottom, surrounding, opposite, at the rear, at the front, in front of, beside, behind, next to, nearby, in the distance, beyond, in the forefront, in the foreground, within sight, out of sight, across, under, nearer, adjacent, in the background.
Concession
Although, at any rate, at least, still, thought, even though, granted that, while it may be true, in spite of, of course.
Similarity or Comparison
Similarly, likewise, in like fashion, in like manner, analogous to.
Emphasis
Above all, indeed, truly, of course, certainly, surely, in fact, really, in truth, again, besides, also, furthermore, in addition.
Details
Specifically, especially, in particular, to explain, to list, to enumerate, in detail, namely, including.
Examples
For example, for instance, to illustrate, thus, in other words, as an illustration, in particular.
Consequence or Result
So that, with the result that, thus, consequently, hence, accordingly, for this reason, therefore, so, because, since, due to, as a result, in other words, then.
Summary
Therefore, finally, consequently, thus, in short, in conclusion, in brief, as a result, accordingly.
Suggestion
For this purpose, to this end, with this in mind, with this purpose in mind, therefore.
The Three Transition Types
1.
The Three Transition Types Between Sentences, Transition Words, and Between
Paragraphs: this equals….. Smooth Writing!
2. What is a Transition? In writing, a
transition is a word, group of words or sentence that leads your reader from
one subject to another. Think of transitions as the links that hold together a
chain – without the links, nothing would hold the chain together and the pieces
would fall apart!
3. Transitions Between Sentences There
are times when our sentences are only partly related and so its helpful to
“seal the deal” by truly connecting the ideas. Example of a place that needs a
transition: My mom is constantly yelling at me to clean up my room. I was not
prepared to live on my own.
4. Make a Transition! Problem: My mom is
constantly yelling at me to clean up my room. I was not prepared to live on my
own. Potential solution: My mom is constantly yelling at me to clean up my
room. She said this was an example as to why I was not prepared to live on my
own. Or Another solution: My mom is constantly yelling at me to clean up my
room. Indeed she was right, and I was not prepared to live on my own.
5. Another Example: Where is the Problem?
I had my first date with John last night. We went to dinner, and a movie, and I
did not get home until after one in the morning. When I was eight years old, my
mom told me that I had to be home by 6 pm at night. John and I went to see the
movie “Gladiator,” which was a very good movie.
6. Possible Solution I had my first date
with John last night. We went to dinner, and a movie, and I did not get home
until after one in the morning. I felt so grown up staying out so late at
night, with no one to tell me that I had to go home. I remember when I was
eight years old, my mom told me that I had to be home by six at night. However,
I was no longer eight years old, but twenty and on a date with my boyfriend.
That night, John and I went to see the movie “Gladiator,” which was a very good
movie.
7. Transition Words Sometimes we only
need a word to offer a good transition. “For example,” is an example! Common
transition words (but do not over do them!)
8. Transitions to help emphasize a point Again,
the main issue is, to emphasize, indeed, truly, to repeat, surprising, in fact,
frequently, for this reason, the point often overlooked . . . .
9. Transitions to Show Location: Above,
across, against, along, down, beyond, between, outside, over, beside, into,
near, throughout, among, amid . . .
10. Transitions to Compare Items: Accordingly,
also, comparable to, just as, often, likewise, similarly, like, in the same
way, in the same manner, in conjunction with . . .
11. Transitions to Contrast Items Although,
as opposed to, but, however, conversely, counter to, even so, even though, on
the other hand, otherwise, still and yet….
12. Transitions to Show Time: About,
after, afterward, as soon as, at, at the same time, before, during, finally,
first, immediately, in the meantime, later, last, meanwhile, next, next week,
next time, next year, prior to, yesterday, today . . . .
13. Transactions to Clarify For example,
for instance, in other words, put another way, that is, simply stated, to
clarify, to illustrate . . .
14. Transitions to Conclude or Summarize Accordingly,
all in all, as a result, consequently, lastly, thus, in the last analysis,
therefore, in short, finally, due to, in closing . . . . This is an awesome
page on the many different kinds of transition words you can use:
http://www.kimskorner4teachertalk.com/writing/sixtrait/organization/transitions.html
15. Transitions Between Paragraphs Transitions
are also needed to link your paragraph topics. They help ease your reader into
the next topic.
16. Example of problem paragraphs – what
is wrong? I had my first date with John last night. We went to dinner, and a
movie, and I did not get home until after one in the morning. I felt so grown
up staying out so late at night, with no one to tell me that I had to go home.
I remember when I was eight years old, my mom told me that I had to be home by
six at night. However, I was no longer eight years old, but twenty and on a
date with my boyfriend. In 2005, I was dating Billy. He was a nice guy but also
a bit clueless. We never went out anywhere because Billy only liked to stay
home, watch TV and play video games!
17. Possible Fix: I had my first date
with John last night. We went to dinner, and a movie, and I did not get home
until after one in the morning. I felt so grown up staying out so late at
night, with no one to tell me that I had to go home. I remember when I was
eight years old, my mom told me that I had to be home by six at night. However,
I was no longer eight years old, but twenty and on a date with my boyfriend. Although
John and I did not work out, at least he took me out to do things. In 2005, I
was dating Billy. He was a nice guy but also a bit clueless. We never went out
anywhere because Billy only liked to stay home, watch TV and play video games!
18. Final note on transactions between
paragraphs Your transition can occur in either paragraph, as long as it makes
sense! So, lets look at a final solution for that last example
19. Transition in the 1 st Paragraph I
had my first date with John last night. We went to dinner, and a movie, and I
did not get home until after one in the morning. I felt so grown up staying out
so late at night, with no one to tell me that I had to go home. I remember when
I was eight years old, my mom told me that I had to be home by six at night.
However, I was no longer eight years old, but twenty and on a date with my
boyfriend. I was sad when John and I broke up, because we always did fun things
together; not like my next boyfriend, Billy. In 2005, I was dating Billy
Pastor. He was a nice guy, but also a bit clueless. We never went out anywhere
because Billy only liked to stay home, watch TV and play video games!
Examples of Conjunctive adverbs
The
conjunctive adverbs in the following examples are in bold for easy
identification.
1. Jeremy kept talking in class; therefore, he got in trouble.
2. She went into the store; however, she didn’t find
anything she wanted to buy.
3. I like you a lot; in fact, I think we should be best
friends.
4. Your dog got into my yard; in addition, he dug up my petunias.
5. You’re my friend; nonetheless, I feel like
you’re taking advantage of me.
6. My car payments are high; on the other hand, I really
enjoy driving such a nice vehicle.
Conjunctive adverbs List
There
are many conjunctive adverbs – in fact, there are many more of these than there
are common conjunctions. Here is a comprehensive list of conjunctive adverbs.
o Additionally
o Again
o Almost
o Anyway
o As a result
o In addition
o Besides
o Certainly
o Comparatively
o Consequently
o Contrarily
o Comparatively
o Consequently
o Conversely
o Elsewhere
o Equally
o Eventually
o Finally
o Further
o Furthermore
o Elsewhere
o Hence
o Henceforth
o However
Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions
In
the following examples, the subordinating conjunctions are in bold for easy
identification:
1. As Sherri blew out the candles atop her birthday cake,
she caught her hair on fire.
2. Sara begins to sneeze whenever she opens the window to
get a breath of fresh air.
3. When the doorbell rang, my dog Skeeter barked loudly.
Subordinating Conjunctions List
There
are many subordinating conjunctions. This list contains 25 of those most
commonly used.
After
Although
As
As
soon as
Because
Before
By
the time
Even
if
Even
though
Every
time
If
In
case
Now
that
Once
Since
So
that
Than
The
first time
Unless
Until
When
Whenever
Whether
or not
While
Why
What is a correlative conjunction?
As suggested by their name,
correlative conjunctions correlate, working in pairs to join phrases or words
that carry equal importance within a sentence. Like many of the most
interesting parts of speech, correlative conjunctions are fun to use. At the
same time, there are some important rules to remember for using them correctly.
<< Back to Conjunctions
·
When using correlative conjunctions, ensure verbs agree so your sentences make sense. For
example: Every night, either loud music or fighting
neighbors wake John from his sleep.
·
When you use a correlative conjunction, you must be sure
that pronouns agree. For example: Neither Debra nor Sally
expressed her annoyance when the cat broke the antique lamp.
·
When using correlative conjunctions, be sure to keep parallel
structure intact. Equal grammatical units need to be incorporated into the
entire sentence. For example: Not only did Mary grill burgers for
Michael, but she also fixed a steak for her dog, Vinny.
Examples of Correlative Conjunctions
In
the following examples, the correlative conjunctions have been italicized for easy
identification.
1. She is both intelligent and beautiful.
2. I will either go for
a hike or stay home and watch TV.
3. Jerry is neither rich nor famous.
4. He is not only intelligent, but
also very funny.
5. Would you rather go
shopping or spend the day at the beach?
Correlative Conjunctions List
There
are many pairs of correlative conjunctions. This list contains many of the most
commonly used pairs.
As
/ as
Both
/ and
Either
/ or
Hardly
/ when
If
/ then
Just
as / so
Neither
/ nor
Not
only / but also
No
sooner / than
Not
/ but
Rather
/ than
Scarcely
/ when
What
with / and
Whether
/ or
What is a coordinating conjunction?
Coordinating conjunctions coordinate or join two or more sentences, main
clauses, words, or other parts of speech which are of the same syntactic
importance. Also known as coordinators, coordinating conjunctions are used to
give equal emphasis to a pair of main clauses.
Coordinating Conjunction Rules
As
there are only seven of these words, there are just a few rules for using
coordinating conjunctions correctly:
1. It’s a good idea to use the mnemonic
“FANBOYS” to memorize coordinating conjunctions so you’ll never forget them.
They are:
·
F = for
·
A = and
·
N = nor
·
B = but
·
O = or
·
Y = yet
·
S = so
2. Coordinating conjunctions always
connect phrases, words, and clauses. For example: This batch of
mushroom stew is savory and delicious.
3. Some instructors warn that starting a
sentence with a coordinating conjunction is incorrect. Mostly, this is because
they are attempting to help prevent you from writing fragments rather than
complete sentences; sometimes though, it’s just a personal preference. The fact
is, you can begin sentences with coordinating conjunctions as long as you
follow these three rules for doing so:
·
Ensure that the coordinating conjunction is immediately followed
by a main clause
·
Don’t use coordinating conjunctions to begin all of your
sentences. Do so only when it makes your writing more effective.
·
Although commas typically follow coordinating conjunctions used in
areas other than the beginning of a sentence, they should not be used after
coordinating conjunctions used to open sentences unless an interrupter
immediately follows.
Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions
In
the following examples, the coordinating conjunctions have been italicized for
easy identification.
1. You can eat your cake with a
spoon or fork.
2. My dog enjoys being bathed but hates
getting his nails trimmed.
3. Bill refuses to eat peas, nor will
he touch carrots.
4. I hate to waste a drop of gas, for it
is very expensive these days.
What is a conjunctive adverb?
Conjunctive adverbs are parts of speech that are used to connect
one clause to another. They are also used to show sequence, contrast, cause and
effect, and other relationships.
Like other adverbs, conjunctive adverbs may be moved around in the sentence
or clause in which they appear. This is just one of the things you’ll need to
remember; additional rules for using conjunctive adverbs follow:
·
Always use a period or semicolon before the conjunctive adverb when separating two
independent clauses. Conjunctive adverbs are not strong enough to join
independent clauses without supporting punctuation.
·
Use a comma if a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so appears
between the conjunctive adverb and the first clause.
·
Use a comma behind conjunctive adverbs when they appear at the
beginning of a sentence’s second clause. The only exception to this rule is
that no comma is necessary if the adverb is a single syllable.
·
If a conjunctive adverb appears in the middle of a clause, it
should be enclosed in commas most of the time. This is not an absolute rule and
does not normally apply to short clauses.
Examples of Conjunctive adverbs
The
conjunctive adverbs in the following examples are in bold for easy
identification.
1. Jeremy kept talking in class; therefore, he got in trouble.
2. She went into the store; however, she didn’t find
anything she wanted to buy.
3. I like you a lot; in fact, I think we should be best
friends.
4. Your dog got into my yard; in addition, he dug up my petunias.
5. You’re my friend; nonetheless, I feel like
you’re taking advantage of me.
6. My car payments are high; on the other hand, I really
enjoy driving such a nice vehicle.
Conjunctive adverbs List
There
are many conjunctive adverbs – in fact, there are many more of these than there
are common conjunctions. Here is a comprehensive list of conjunctive adverbs.
Would you like to learn more? Click here to learn how to
use colons correctly in a sentence
o Additionally
o Again
o Almost
o Anyway
o As a result
o In addition
o Besides
o Certainly
o Comparatively
o Consequently
o Contrarily
o Comparatively
o Consequently
o Conversely
o Elsewhere
o Equally
o Eventually
o Finally
o Further
o Furthermore
o Elsewhere
o Hence
o Henceforth
o However
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